Installation, Usage Precautions, and Safety Regulations for Elevators
Elevators are mechanical devices used for transporting materials. They are primarily used for transporting powdery and granular materials and are commonly found in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Bucket elevators offer advantages such as large transport capacity, high lifting height, stable and reliable operation, and long service life.
To ensure smooth daily production, it is essential to follow safety regulations and usage precautions when operating elevators to improve production efficiency.
Installation and Adjustment of the Elevator Housing
- Foundation Inspection:Since the elevator is vertically arranged and the foundation bears the entire weight of the elevator, the foundation must be inspected before installation, and foundation bolts must be installed according to the drawings.
- Installation of the Tail Housing:Secure the tail housing of the elevator to the foundation and align and level the tail housing before installing the middle housing. The horizontal tolerance of the upper flange of the tail section should be less than 1 mm/1000 mm.
- Installation of the Middle Housing:The middle housing is generally installed in sections of 3-4 units. Connect them section by section on the ground, then preliminarily adjust the straightness and distortion of the housing to meet the installation requirements before tightening the bolts connecting them, and then lift the entire unit into place. Pay special attention to installing the inspection section with a door and the inspection door section at a convenient and solid floor level for inspection.
- Verticality Adjustment:After the entire housing is installed, the verticality of the entire elevator housing should be corrected. Our method is to take the horizontal plane of the upper housing flange of the elevator as the reference, hang plumb lines at the four corners inside the housing, and the measured values should comply with the regulations in Table 1. Otherwise, adjustments are needed.
- Installation of Intermediate Brackets:To prevent the middle housing from displacing after installation and adjustment, an intermediate bracket should be installed every 6-8 meters, especially for the middle housing connected to the upper section. The installation of the bracket should ensure that the elevator housing can expand and contract longitudinally, and rigid connections between the bracket and the housing are strictly prohibited.
- Installation of the Upper Section, Platform, and Adjustment of the Head and Tail Shafts.
Safety Regulations for Elevator Operation
- Dedicated Management:Assign a dedicated person to manage the elevator and regularly check the power switch.
- Safety Devices:For the safety of the elevator, it should be equipped with a hoist limiter and a travel limit switch. The pulley should be able to automatically stop the elevator when it is 300 mm away from the drum, and a test lift can be performed.
- Load Limits:The elevator should have a maximum load marking, and the weight should not exceed the maximum load during lifting or lowering.
- Pre-operation Checks:After powering on the elevator, check the hoist limiter, travel limit switch, and interlock switch in sequence to ensure they are functioning normally.
- Signaling:Before lifting or lowering, ring a bell to warn others before operating.
- No Personnel:Absolutely do not allow personnel to be lifted or lowered by the elevator.
- Post-operation Procedures:After work, lower the elevator platform to the ground, cut off the power, and close the upper and lower safety gates.
- Maintenance:Regularly maintain the surrounding environment of the elevator.
Usage Precautions for Elevators
- No-Load Start:Start the elevator without any load. Before stopping the machine, drain all materials from the elevator and then cut off the power and shut down the machine.
- No Reverse Rotation:The elevator should not be reversed, as this can cause the chain to derail.
- Even Material Feeding:Feed the material evenly, and the amount of material should not exceed the carrying capacity of the elevator to prevent material blockage and malfunctions.
- Regular Maintenance:If the elevator has been used for a long time, it needs to be regularly maintained and lubricated. If the chain or bucket is worn, it should be replaced in time.
